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Laparoscopic Surgery – This is a novel technique of performing abdominal operations using sophisticated camera systems and instruments.
The Basic Idea – Is to gain access into the abdomen without making a big cut as in conventional abdominal surgery.
The Technique Involves Insufflating – CO2 gas into the abdomen to create space and then making small 5-10 mm cuts through which the camera and instruments are placed
What is Laparoscopic Surgery?
Laparoscopic Surgery – Is a novel technique of performing abdominal operations using sophisticated camera systems and instruments.
The Basic Idea – Is to gain access into the abdomen without making a big cut as in conventional abdominal surgery.
The Technique Involves Insufflating – CO2 gas into the abdomen to create space and then making small 5-10 mm cuts through which the camera and instruments are placed.
The Camera System – Includes a long telescope which captures and transmits the image to the camera processor which in turn relays it to the monitor onto which the image is displayed .
The Instruments Have – Long shafts with fine tips to facilitate working from a distance. The surgery is performed by the surgeon and the assistants by viewing the image in real time on the monitor.
Types Of Laparoscopic Surgeries
1. Conventional Laparoscopy – Using conventional laparoscopic trocars and instruments which are generally 5-10 mm in diameter.
2. Mini Laparoscopy – It involves using 3 mm trocars and instruments. This gives a better cosmetic outcome and is almost pain free in the post operative period. It is applicable for children , young women and in other special situations.
3. Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery – This is a special technique in which all the trocars and instruments are placed through a single incision which is usually concealed within the navel/ belly button. Though it is technically difficult to perform, it gives the best cosmetic outcome and is often preferred when cosmesis is of primary importance.
Procedures
1. Basic Laparoscopy – Gallbladder removal , appendicectomy, inguinal hernia , ventral hernia and other hernia repair.
2. Advanced Laparoscopy – Hiatal hernia and GERD, Gastrectomy, Hepatectomy , CBD Exploration, Pancreatic surgery, Colorectal resections.
3. Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery – For cancers of digestive system, liver and pancreas.
4. Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery – For ovaries, Fallopian tubes and uterus.
5. Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery – For morbid obesity and uncontrolled diabetes.
6. Diagnostic Laparoscopy – For undiagnosed abdominal pain, cancer staging, biopsy and infertility.
7. Emergency Laparoscopy – For abdominal trauma, infections and peritonitis and drainage of pus within the abdomen.
8. Laparoscopy – may be used in special situations in surgery of breast, thyroid and adrenal. Also the principles of laparoscopy are used in arthroscopy for joint surgery and in urology for surgery of bladder, prostate and kidney.